Essay about The Material Nature of Spirituality - 1611 Words

The Material Nature of Spirituality It was observed from the time to think experiments done in Biology 103 lab, that thinking is material. Thinking was associated with material changes and activities in the brain and the connected nervous system. This promulgates the brain=behavior notion. According to this notion, all aspects of human behavior and experiences are functions of a material structure, the brain. Who one is, is determined by his or her brain. Nevertheless, many people continue to believe in a higher power that guides and controls human action and behavior. In a sense, religion and spirituality was developed to understand and explore questions about who we are and what is the purpose of life.†¦show more content†¦Anxiety and depression are lowered. Regular meditation and prayer decreases the stress hormone, plasma cortisol (2). Transcendental meditation and yoga also increase EEG coherence and blood flow to the brain, induce muscle relaxation and lowers blood pressure (2). Could all these benefits of increased spiritual behavior be associated with biology and the workings of the brain? Could science enable us to understand and explore religious and spiritual experiences? For many years, neurobiology has avoided to explore spirituality and religion. Until recently, religion and spirituality were deemed as cultural, a product of social conditioning, and not biological (1). Religious beliefs and spirituality was the playing field for theologists and philosophers, not biologists and scientists. Many scientists were skeptical and unwilling to consider the spiritual as science. For most wearers of white coats, philosophy is to science as pornography is to sex (a quote by science writer, Steven Jones) (1). Nevertheless, quite a few scientists have taken the bold step to conduct research and observations to explore the biological basis of spirituality and religion. Neurobiologists Andrew Newberg and Eugene dAquili have conducted research in the specialized field of neurotheology (1) which suggest that religion is intimately interwoven with human biology (1). Their extensiveShow MoreRelatedThe Spiritual Philosophy Of Spirituality Essay1161 Words   |  5 Pagesa connection with my spiritual nature and myself. This paper will demonstrate how the meaning of spirituality changed in my mind through the practices that I did and the ongoing understanding of spirituality from the book Studying Christian Spirituality by David B. Perrin, whom is a scholar and an educator in the University of British Columbia. In the beginning I didn’t think the retreat would be a good option for me, but I wanted to connect with my spirituality. I don’t like being introducedRead MoreSpirituality Essay1166 Words   |  5 PagesSpirituality can have many different definitions, depending on who is asked. 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In today’s history of NativeRead MoreSpirituality Essay1187 Words   |  5 PagesSpirituality can have many different definitions, depending on who is asked. It can be something as simple as looking for a higher meaning to life, or something so complex that one can bas e their beliefs, religion and overall life around it. There are several different ways to express ones spirituality; rituals, songs, dances, stories, and writings are all common methods of expression. Spirituality can be found in almost anything. Finding spirituality in something can make someone feel enlightenedRead MoreThe World Is Too Much With Us By William Wordsworth853 Words   |  4 Pagespoems, and it is a prime example of the values and writing styles that are expressed in Romantic era literature. 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Furthermore, the poem by Wordsworth resembles other romantic literary works with the very distinctive non-formal writing style that set the romantic periodRead MoreThe Advancement Of Materialism Before There Was Materialism1483 Words   |  6 Pagesexploration similar to those of Cabeza de Vaca have assisted if not birthed the culture of materialism. Materialism is a tendency to consider material possessions and physical comfort as more important than spiritual values. Unlike idealist, materialist believe that matter is primary while ideas are considered secondary. It is as if materialism and spirituality are considered opposite end of a continuum spectrum. So the question to answer is, how does Alvar Nunez’s Cabeza de Vaca s Adventures in theRead MoreAn Analysis of Karen Christina Langs Images of Women in Early Buddhism and Christian Gnosticism737 Words   |  3 Pagesnothing to do with the material world. The reason why people find it difficult and almost impossible to reach this particular state is that they have a strong connection to the material realm. Both religious ideologies introduced the concept that there is a dualistic distinction between men and women and that all things material can be associated with women on account of the genders tendency to be obsessed with material matters while men attempt to concentrate on spirituality. Lang proceeds to depictRead MoreSpirituality As A Universal Human Experience Essay1521 Words   |  7 Pages(Janis, 2011) states that spirituality connects you with a powerful and divine force that is present in the universe and yourself, it allows you to achieve your personal goals an effective plan for living as it pertains to happiness, inner peace or supreme enlightenment. Additionally (Krentzman, 2013) defines spirituality as a universal human experience that touches all, some may find that their spiritual life is linked to their association with the church finding comfort in a personal relationshipRead MoreEmily Dickinson And Walt Whitman1719 Words   |  7 PagesUnit 4). The philosophers of the Romanticism era believed unlike the Transcendentalism that people were not born with a clean state but shaped by environmental experiences. Romanticism in American Literature focused a lot on the beauty of nature and all nature has to offer. It also allowed writers and artists to use their creative freedom to create anything they could imagine. This allowed writers the ability to use their words to paint a detailed scene of any point they wanted to get across. Romantic

The Principle Of Stare Decisis Example

Essays on The Principle Of Stare Decisis Coursework The Principle of Stare Decisis Court adherence according to the legal issues presented is established on the basis of court decisions. The application as evidenced essay demonstrated what the court had already decided on the murder case of Charisse and Lacie. The expectations based on the legal system were to define some level of consistency as explained in the case establishment procedure. Though the murder case appeared complex and based on various facts, Stare decisis explored by preserving some amount of information necessary to project appropriate decisions. Depending on the set of information presented, Payne actions illustrated that the settings made against the evidence projected explore a reconsideration based on facts. (Black, 1979)In the first instance, the malt of liquor which had Payne fingerprints was equally fully based on the existing information. Prior to the murder, there appeared to have been various classes of information that the judges had to dwell on in order t o establish the necessary judgment. Equally enough, the argument was consistent with the various state of information, and the judges were hence at liberty to ignore the stare decsis. The composition of this attempt is based on mistakes making a controversial role play in the entire ruling. Hence adherence to decisive principles involves providing absolute information as per the court establishment. The criminal justice law agencies make a reflection of the law and the constitutional overruns help to provide a justifiable understanding of the effective law judgments. If for example the murder case involving the minor aged 3 presented in the essay appears to be counter-productive then the law considers the latest information and hence presents this before the US Supreme court for interpretation. Court decisions defined in the US Supreme court and expressed as an overturn imply that the system itself is based on the stare decisis decision procedure, widely accepted according to the la w. The aggravation based on the amount of punishment preferred explore the impact of the guilt especially when the evidence is adequate and which would warrant unconditional passage of judgment. (Landes, 1976).ReferencesLandes, W. Posner, R.(1976). Legal Precedent: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis. Journal of Law and Economics, 249, 251Black, H.C. (1979). Case law. Blacks Law Case law is a 1979 Dictionary, Fifth Edition, West Publishing Co., St. Paul, MN, 1

Kaymito Leaves as Antibacterial Mouthwash Free Essays

KAYMITO LEAVES AS ANTIBACTERIAL MOUTHWASH I- INTRODUCTION An effective mouthwash is one that does not only make the breath fresh but also serves as an antibacterial. It should not simply mask the effective mouth odor caused by excessive activity of bacteria inhabiting the mouth. There is a need to prevent the increase in the population of such. We will write a custom essay sample on Kaymito Leaves as Antibacterial Mouthwash or any similar topic only for you Order Now A mouthwash is a solution in addition to regular oral hygiene method such as brushing. Alternative mouth gargles can be prepared from locally available plants such as herbs and fruit bearing ones. Certain plant parts may have active ingredients that have antimicrobial activity. An example is the peppermint that contains essential oils found to be efficient in neutralizing mouth conditions and in freshening breath. This study Aims to answer following questions: †¢ Is Kaymito leaves decoction can be effective mouthwash? †¢ Is the peppermint that contains essential oils can be effective in neutralizing mouth conditions and in freshening breath? In this study the people will benefit because they can use it in the prevention of dental diseases and maintenance of the oral health and it can be used for preventing gums and oral infections. This study only tested the feasibility of using decoction prepared from kaymito leaves as mouthwash II- REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE A. Review of Literature Kaymito (chrisophyllum cainito) is a common angiosperm in tropical countries. This fruit-bearing tree has leathery oblong leaves that are dark green and glossy on the upper surface and golden brown on the underside, its fleshy fruits are among the favorites. To treat swollen gums, De Guzman-Ladion (1995) suggests to a gargle concoction from How to cite Kaymito Leaves as Antibacterial Mouthwash, Papers

Music Defines Dress Essay Example For Students

Music Defines Dress Essay Music Defines DressOften I have found myself people watching for the amusement of everyday life. Not by luck or sheer investigation, I have noticed something that everyone shares in common guys and girls alike, their personal style of clothing in reflection of their choose in music. I am not talking about or brand names or the clothes make the man, but that of the general appearance of how the individual displays themselves to the world around them. Over the generations people have been influenced greatly by the music that they enjoy. By conscious decisions or not, people tend to dress to the type of music that they enjoy most. Dress and Music are linked by the way of how the individual walks, carries themselves, and their general attitude. As I sit placing trying to place people with their taste in music, I have noticed that the attire of the individual somewhat perceives my notions. This notion is often accurate but not decisive. There are many instances that this does not hold true. People are defined who they are and what they are at any given moment and the music that they represent are just a rhythm away. Country MusicThe first thing that I notice about the people is the way that they are dressed. People usually wearing the tight jeans, boots and cowboy hats generally fall within the country music. This may not always be the case. Country music fans have a pride in their stride or a dip in their hip that makes the movement look like someone doing a two-step. The person is generally is walking with a jovial stride. The persona, in which this individual gives off, will indicate a modest, somewhat insecure, but fun loving person. Around here, country music fans wear mostly jeans and boots, but biggest give away of all is the belt buckle that is twice their IQ size. Just the other afternoon while waiting for Julia, my lunch date, an attractive young lady wearing the cowboy boots and the cowboy hat was just standing about thirty yards from me. Immediately, I assumed that fits into the country music category. As I watched her for a minute or to. I realized that my notion was correct. She walked with a jovial stride and appeared to have a down to earth personality. My notion was re-enforced when she started interacted with her co-workers. As I watched her demonstrate a line dance that she probably learned the night before at Cotton Eyed Joes. She tried to get her co-worker to join in the fun, but he seemed reluctant to stand up show off his dancing skills. ClassicalAntonio Vivaldis spring concerto number 22, the theme for Deburgs Diamonds, fits this type of dress to the letter. This individual dictates the clothes makes the man persona. As though they are the upper crust of society. The elegant clothing, the make-up, the individual seems a bit stuffy. Look at Vanna Trump, she by far is an example of the high society. The form fitting clothing and her demure personality and the love of the ballet makes her a prime example of classical. One may envision a classical music conisoure as though dressing in a smoking jacket with an ivory cigarette holder and with a comfortable wealth. One may perceive them wearing Gucci and wearing a Rolex on their wrist. Cause of perceived notions of clothing styles, the classical lovers are the hardest to spot. Eating lunch one afternoon at the Bistro on Gay Street, waiting for my entre to arrive, I started people watching. I noticed that there was gentleman sitting outside by the park bench. The temperature was mild but the skies where not inviting due to a storm approaching. This gentleman has the appearance of a transit it on his last quarter. He was asking everyone for change as they walked by. .uc83397ba757d6f8e59126a563c03c816 , .uc83397ba757d6f8e59126a563c03c816 .postImageUrl , .uc83397ba757d6f8e59126a563c03c816 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc83397ba757d6f8e59126a563c03c816 , .uc83397ba757d6f8e59126a563c03c816:hover , .uc83397ba757d6f8e59126a563c03c816:visited , .uc83397ba757d6f8e59126a563c03c816:active { border:0!important; } .uc83397ba757d6f8e59126a563c03c816 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc83397ba757d6f8e59126a563c03c816 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc83397ba757d6f8e59126a563c03c816:active , .uc83397ba757d6f8e59126a563c03c816:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc83397ba757d6f8e59126a563c03c816 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc83397ba757d6f8e59126a563c03c816 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc83397ba757d6f8e59126a563c03c816 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc83397ba757d6f8e59126a563c03c816 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc83397ba757d6f8e59126a563c03c816:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc83397ba757d6f8e59126a563c03c816 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc83397ba757d6f8e59126a563c03c816 .uc83397ba757d6f8e59126a563c03c816-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc83397ba757d6f8e59126a563c03c816:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: House Essay Many people didnt give this gentleman a second thought, and others found loose change in their pockets. I watched this gentleman during my entire lunch. I knew that he had a Walkman in his jacket and was listening to classical music. After I paid for my lunch, I went out and greeted the gentleman that I found interest. I enjoyed our conversation and gave him ten dollars, then I was on my way. The reason that I knew that he was listen to his favorite classical cassette, it was me that gave him the Walkman and a Bach cassette for his birthday the week before. Josh, the homeless gentleman, and I became friends thought a volunteer program for the homeless. Sometimes its hard to see the music behind the clothes. Heavy MetalThis type of individual has little to hide about their nature. Dont be mistaken, often this person is backed with a lot of flash and armor. The heave metal fan has a in your face attitude and lacks the tasteful attire. Heavy Metal groups from the past like Poison, Ratt and Wasp seemed to spend their money on the finest womens clothing for themselves. A total fashion fubar. Todays heavy metal groups like; Disturbed, Smashing Pumpkins, Rob Zombie take they fashion to the other end of the spectrum from classical music. From ripped jeans, t-shirts and chains to well that is about it. Heavy metal individuals dress like the current rock bands. The ripped leather pants and faded torn shirts are generally the choice for this individual. Take Julie Steirn for example, she is the likeness of the character in Heavy Metal 2000 and the show uses her voice in the voice-overs. She likes the show off as much with little clothing as possible. The flare for chains, leather and lace, and futuristic weapons makes her undeniably heavy metal. The strides of the individual are often move as though ordered by a military general. With hard stepping strides and little care for societies concerns, this individual has a straight in your face personality. Their defiant attire gives off the statement, look at me, but dont even tough, hell dont even look. Remembering back a couple of weeks ago, there was the rocker chick that entered Camelot music store at Knoxville Center. She was sporting the gothic look with chains, body art and piercing. Talking about guessing right on the first try which music that this girl liked. She walked by me to the heavy metal section. AlternativeThe alternative category is the latest in the generation of music that has inspired a sort of fashion. The person has little evidence of body shape due to the excessively baggy clothing. Where the hip pockets on the pants are at the knees. This style of dress is that of a fashion statement gone astray. The grunge population has little to do with knowing attitudes. They carry themselves with poor stature and with little care what others think about them. They are the modern day free spirit like that of hippie generation. Some of the music groups that have sprung out of this generation are Butthole Suffers, Papa Roach, Limp Bizkit, Rage Against the Machine. The music is of anger, suffocation, and the common thread of the lack of self worth. Take Courtney Love, the lead singer for Hole for instance, her general attitude is defiant and self-centering. I know that this type posterior can swing with the best of them. Any night at Banana Joes in the Old City proves that grunge styles live large and enjoy life despite that of negative enforcement from the lyrics in their music. I was sitting in the outside lounge at BW3s enjoying the evening air. I happened to notice a group of college girls walking along the sidewalk. Amazed at the how baggy the clothes were on them. There was no shape in their outfits what so ever. I began to chuckle. .ua75f122b0873dbe8b2efb1b56491821f , .ua75f122b0873dbe8b2efb1b56491821f .postImageUrl , .ua75f122b0873dbe8b2efb1b56491821f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua75f122b0873dbe8b2efb1b56491821f , .ua75f122b0873dbe8b2efb1b56491821f:hover , .ua75f122b0873dbe8b2efb1b56491821f:visited , .ua75f122b0873dbe8b2efb1b56491821f:active { border:0!important; } .ua75f122b0873dbe8b2efb1b56491821f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua75f122b0873dbe8b2efb1b56491821f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua75f122b0873dbe8b2efb1b56491821f:active , .ua75f122b0873dbe8b2efb1b56491821f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua75f122b0873dbe8b2efb1b56491821f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua75f122b0873dbe8b2efb1b56491821f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua75f122b0873dbe8b2efb1b56491821f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua75f122b0873dbe8b2efb1b56491821f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua75f122b0873dbe8b2efb1b56491821f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua75f122b0873dbe8b2efb1b56491821f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua75f122b0873dbe8b2efb1b56491821f .ua75f122b0873dbe8b2efb1b56491821f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua75f122b0873dbe8b2efb1b56491821f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Information Technology Essay Suddenly, to my amazement even more so, a girl tripped over her own pants and landed smack down her behind. I let out a sudden burst of laughter that was loud enough for them to hear. I was not alone in my newfound entertainment; others were laughing with me. The girl picked herself up off the ground and started rubbing her behind to help ease the pain. Too our amazement even further, she bent down and started rolling up her pants legs. The small group, that I found myself in, was on the verge of tears for laughing so hard. I know that her butt was singing the song from Buckcherry, No pain like fallen down. There are many things that influence our lives. Either by conscious or subconscious we are the products of our world. From the environment that we live or by the chooses we make, we have created our own self image. Everyday we make the decisions to effect our lives in a some way or the other. There is only one first impression, there is a life time of second impressions. Music Essays

Juveniles And The Death Penalty Essays - Law, Misconduct

Juveniles And The Death Penalty Juveniles and the Death Penalty Why it's not a Deterrent, and How it can Become One Today, minors are using their age as a shield against capital punishment. I feel the death penalty is appropriate for juveniles in certain circumstances, such as murder and brutal crimes that are considered capital offenses. The rate at which the death penalty is carried out, as well as inconstancies in sentencing doesn't make it a deterrent. There should not be an age limit in all capital offenses for those who could face the death penalty and knew what he or she was doing was wrong, and a crime. Age limits do not predict when one is able to handle responsibilities. What they do is assume one should be able to take on new responsibilities, laws, and issues. One is not suddenly capable of driving at sixteen, and not immediately given the knowledge of the voting system at eighteen. How does a specific age predict when a person knows right from wrong? By not having a minimum age for juvenile offenders in capital offenses, juvenile's special rights and immunities would be taken away. Th ese rights for juveniles exist so justice courts can provide measures of guidance and rehabilitation for the youth by using mentors in society. There have been several laws made for juveniles regarding the age they could be tried as adults in capital cases. Although, the age limit varies from state to state, and even then that age isn't always followed due to different situations in cases. This is what I mean by inconsistencies among court cases. These laws were made because some youth who was not yet considered an adult committed a horrific crime and knew what he or she was doing when the crime took place. These juveniles perform the same malicious acts as adult capital offenders. They need to be punished for their actions just as the adults are so they know they can't get away with crime just because their age says they're not an adult yet. Thirty-eight states and the federal government created statutes authorizing the death penalty for certain forms of murder and other capital offenses. Presently, fifteen states have chosen the minimum age of eighteen for a youth to be considered for the death penalty, four have chosen the age of seventeen, and twenty states have chosen sixteen as a minimum age. There was one agreement among justices regarding the Constitution which doesn't say juveniles can't receive the death penalty. The Constitution, which has its roots in English Common law, is not in violation of the cases of juvenile death penalties. Before having a minimum age limit in effect, English Common law had a direct influence on the Constitution. This common law, carried over to American statutes, established the assumption that no one under the age of seven had the mental capability to commit crimes. Therefore they had no concept of mens rea, which is a Latin word meaning intent. In English common law intent had to be proven in cases concerning offenders of ages seven to fourteen, which carried over to be an American standard. Only in cases of youth over the age of fourteen was it possible to acknowledge they had the mental capacity to perform a crime with intent. Because these juveniles' crimes were so harsh, the youth's case would be transferred to criminal courts and, in turn, makes it possible to sentence violent, juvenile offenders with the death penalty. The idea of whether or not the death penalty should be applied to juveniles is only possible through the transfer of juveniles out of the juvenile courts and into an adult criminal court. Only then can a guilty, violent youth be punished to the full extent for the capital crimes they have committed. Due to inconsistencies in the laws, the death penalty is not a deterrent from keeping youth from committing crimes or fearing any serious punishments. The goal of having stricter penalties will hopefully also decrease the numbers of future generations who commit crimes. I feel that age is not a determining factor in deciding whether or not a youth should be punished for their actions. It should be based on

Juvenile Delinquency Essay Example

Juvenile Delinquency Essay Example Juvenile Delinquency Essay Juvenile Delinquency Essay Trappings of childhood When a child kills, does he instantly become an adult? Or does he maintain some trappings of childhood, despite the gravity of his actions? These are the questions oppressing our legal system today, as the violent acts of Juvenile delinquencies continue to make headlines. Some people believe that children should be tried as adults when prosecuted for certain serious crimes. Others feel that children should be tried as minors because they are not yet adults, and therefore, they should be reated differently. This is an important debate because how we choose to punish juveniles affects both our current and future society. Teens all over the world are being tried differently in court, and it is not fair to Judge and punish them inconsistently for the same crime. I believe that, without exception, children under 18 should be tried as minors. Our society has set 18 as the age of adulthood. Eighteen is when a person is expected to know what is right and wrong, and understand his responsibilities in the community. The responsibility to vote, sign contracts, make out wills, sign leases, and decide on medical treatment are not acquired until the age of 18. By 18, a person has experienced enough to know what he should and should not do. Then, why those under 18 are tried as adults? A person under 18 is a child and should be treated as such by the courts. When Juveniles receive a life sentence in adult prison, they never get a second chance. When they commit crimes and were punished properly, they should learn that their actions were wrong and not to do it gain. Juvenile detention helps show their mistakes and gives them a second chance, while prison does nothing to help a child. Adults have already had their chance; they should know the difference between right and wrong by the time they cross into adulthood; therefore they deserve an adult sentence. According to Dr. Brenda Plattner, affective dysregulation is at the heart of disturbances stemming from childhood drama and can result in lone-term impairments in functioning including impulsivity and anger-control problems. Young brains are not fully developed, so humans do not understand the full consequences of their actions until about the age of 23. Teenagers essentially lack wisdom, so their perception in life comes from what they are thought at an early age. Teens commit crimes for a reason. Maybe they are angry or want attention from their family. Committing a crime is the only option they see. In the Juvenile system, they can learn other ways to express themselves. Then they can return to society with a new chance at life. Juvenile Delinquency By darlyn09

History of analytical techniques used in structure determination Essay

History of analytical techniques used in structure determination - Essay Example The map tends to be fuzzy in some parts this is due to the problem of phasing loops but with the help of some software can usually predict up to 90% of the structure correctly and the remaining part is computed manually. The problem in this method is that it is very expensive and takes time and we can determine structure of only large crystal. The structural determination of protein is difficult by method because Crystallography requires purified protein in fairly large amount and it requires protein in form of a crystal and every protein can't be crystallized. This is due to the fact that forming the crystal required rather unusual conditions of pH and ionic strength. This method is also used to determine the structure of the components. This method is similar to X-ray diffraction but the main difference between these two methods is that it is done in the gas phase. In place of X-ray beam a beam of electrons is used in this method that scatter off the molecular electrons. Due to this large atoms scatter better than smaller ones. The main drawback or disadvantage of this method is that the compound must be volatile and maintain its structure in the gas phase. This method sometimes has lower accuracy because the compound is sometimes heated to put it in the gas phase. 3. Neutron Diffraction This method is also used to determine the structure of the crystal. This method is similar to X-ray crystallography except that a beam of neutrons is used in place of X-ray beam. This neutron beam scatters off the nuclei. The main advantage of using neutron beam is that all nuclei are of similar size and all can be found with comparable accuracy. This method is very useful when the location of hydrogen atoms is desired. Neutron diffraction generally gives more accurate bond lengths

Social and Emotional Aspects Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 9000 words

Social and Emotional Aspects - Dissertation Example p.29 Results †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. p.31 Discussion †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. p.37 Recommendations †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. p.39 Bibliography †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. p.41 ABSTRACT A number of programs in American and the United Kingdom advocate a holistic approach to education reform that emphasizes community involvement and psychological support as a strategy to strengthen student ties with, and investment in the school and educational policy. These programs are compared in the light of psychological theories and given approval as equally valid roads to school reform. INTRODUCTION Most educational authorities agree upon the need for a broader, comprehensive approach towards the promotions of beneficial relationships and socially-conscious behavior. Most proposals to this end involve an active, holistic approach that engages the entire school in the interest of the most efficient, inclusive socialization possible. SEAL seeks to accomplish these goals by creating a more congenial environment that addresses several dimensions of the educational experience. SEAL engages the social, personal, and health dimensions of the school experience to achieve a more congenial experience for all involved, multifaceted approach towards an inclusive educational experience. ... side of the coin is the prevention of risky behavior that damages health and academic success; demand for problem prevention programs in most public schools has grown. (DeFriese et al. 1990), (Kolbe et al. 1997), (Gottfredson, 1986), (Connell et al. 1985), Errecart et al., 1991) The social and emotional aspects of learning are vital with respect to the way that they underscore the educational experience to contribute to the success of all students, and the promotion of a beneficial working environment for educators. The SEAL program facilitates a number of personal quality and emotional goals to make learning more efficient. Students must learn impulse control and the ability to govern their emotions, in addition to an internal motivational drive to invest in their own success. This requires a sense of awareness and critical reflection on the student's own goals and personal needs. And with an understanding of the self, empathy towards other students becomes a possibility. The progra m looks towards efficiency in learning, but also seeks to promote an emotionally safe environment. (Burns, 2010), (Bromley, 2012) These attitudes are advisable and beneficial even as benchmarks for higher education. (Burnard & Green, 2009) It is generally acknowledged that in order to achieve the goals of efficiency and efficacy in learning, the emotional dimension of child development, especially at the primary school level, must not be neglected. Children learn and perform when they feel emotionally secure. Without a certain degree of security, learning efforts will simply fail. (Breda, 2011), (Bromley, 2012) Positive activities promoting emotional security are needed within, and beyond class to foster learning in class. (Henderson & Mapp, 2002), (Pitman et al. 2001), (Perry, 1999) Most

Global Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Global Marketing - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that organizations, which are operating in any industrial sectors including in the sector of Information Technology (IT), would want to expand their operations into foreign territories due to various factors. That is, organization could think about entering foreign markets if they have achieved optimal success in the home market, or due to heightened competition or saturation in the home market, or due to good opportunities in the foreign market, etc, etc. Whatever is the motivation for the firms to enter foreign territories, it is paramount on the part of the organization to study the foreign market in an in-depth as well as extensive manner. Various factors will be at ‘play’ in those foreign markets, and those factors will either aid the entering organization or will pose a major challenge to the organization. These factors will be visible both in the macro as well as in the micro environment of the organization. In the macro -environment, factors including political, social, cultural, economic, etc., could impact the entering organization. In the micro or in the immediate environment of the firm, market factors including competitors, recent trends, etc., will impact the organization. After analyzing these factors, the firms have formulate a set of objectives, so they have can have a clear path, regarding what to achieve and how to achieve those objectives. The next key process is analyzing the various entry modes and finding out the best entry mode. The firms should also plan out the marketing strategies that have to be implemented in the entering countries before-hand, so they can aptly reach their products or services to the intended customers. All these key processes will be applicable to our software development firm as well. Our company is a medium sized software firm developing software for applications in many sectors particularly electronics and communications sector. In our home operations in U K, we have around 2000 employees working in our various offices in number of cities. We are achieving optimal success and good profits in the UK market, but still some competition is emerging. Although, we can aptly fight the competition, with the intention to grow further, we are looking at foreign expansion. So, after achieving great success in the UK market, our firm has decided to broaden our horizons and target, initially the two foreign markets of Brazil and India. This report will first do an environmental audit of both the countries through the PESTEL and Porter’s Five Forces tool, and by focusing on the market as well as the competitors. Secondly, the report will set the SMART global marketing objectives for going international, then will discuss about the entry modes, finally ending with the discussion about the marketing strategies that has to be implemented for optimal success. Environmental Audit Every market or country including Brazil and India has certain uniq ue or common political, social and economic conditions, along with different clients’ base, consumer behaviour and competitors. These distinct aspects could aid as well as impede the organisations’ entry into that particular market as well as the resultant success. So, understanding and analyzing these aspects behaviour in relation with the product or service is a key necessity. Based on this analysis only, the marketing strategies need to be formulated, so that organisation can reach maximum customers, entice them and importantly build long-term relationship, thereby retaining them. As the above mentioned country specific aspects need to be mainly analyzed in relation with the product that is going to be launched, the product’s profile should ‘fit’ with the consumer of that particular market. Although, it applies to all product range, it is of utmost importance to the firms dealing in the IT sector. So, from the above understanding, it is clear tha t, the macro and the micro environment for the software firms as well as the consumer behaviour in the Brazilian and Indian market has to be analyzed, based on

Consumer behaviour in Brazil

Consumer behaviour in Brazil Brazil is the largest country in Latin America. The total population of Brazil is 170 million. The south east part of Brazil has the highest population and then comes the north east region. The GDP and per capita of the south east is more than that of the north east of Brazil. CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR The consumer behaviour in brazil to the detergent market is different in the north east and the south east of Brazil and is depended on many influences. One of the influence is the social influence. Social Influences North East Brazil South East Brazil Culture and sub culture 65% of the population are a mix of African and European origins and their lifestyles, rituals and values share an African influence. Music and humour are the key elements of their culture. Only 35% of the population share an African influence whereas the rest are the migrants from Europe. This part is the financial and the political hub of Brazil. Social class More than half of the population fall in the low income category .The economy is heavily dependent on agriculture. It is more labour intrinsic type of job. Most of the women in the family are housewives. Only 21% of the entire population fall in the low income category and most of the women are from the working class. Group Membership Most of the women meet and wash their clothes in public laundry or pond in a group. Cleanliness being an issue of gossip, every woman tend to keep their family clean to please the group. Most women own a washing machine so self esteem and social status is given less importance. The purchase behaviour of a customer depends on various factors as shown in the diagram below. The social influences are the subjective norms. Apart from price of the detergent, the important attributes for the north east customers as per the rankings are Power of detergent Its fragrance The ability to remove stains without the need of soap and bleach The dissolving power with the water Packaging Impact on colours Whereas the south eastern customers are habitual decision makers. They would prefer to use the same detergents that they are using unless they dont get any flaws. BRAND PLAYERS AND THEIR STRATEGIES UNILEVER: TOP BRANDS: Omo is the top brand of the portfolio and is considered as a high quality at a premium position which is for the high end market. Omo has more than half percentage of the total market share in Brazil .Minerva is a medium quality product with low brand awareness and second in market share. Campeiro is a well-known cheapest product but with a low top of the mind penetration. The target customers of Unilever were the high income segment. The highest profit margin that Unilever generates is from the sales of Omo. STRATEGY USED: With the help of brands like Omo Unilever was the market pioneer in Brazil and hence got the first mover advantage in the detergent sector. Unilever is the LEADER in the market. It followed the strategy whereby it created the most desirable market space in the minds of the consumers as seen by the Top-of-Mind-Awareness results. (Exhibit 8) Their main strategy is to advertise and increase the sales especially of Omo as the profits generated from their detergents proves a backbone for their expansion in food and personal care categories. Unilevers main line of promotion was through the media advertising. This is cost effective and irrespective of the income, Brazilians are avid television watchers. POSITIONING: The various products of Unilever are positioned as per the product and its appeal. Its positioning ranges from removal of stain by eliminating the need of bleach (Omo) to delivering pleasant smell and softness (Minerva) to cost reduction (Campeiro) DISTRIBUTION: Unilever had the daunting task of distributing to 75,000 small outlets in the Northeast. For this it relied on its existing network of generalist wholesalers and sometimes also on secondary, smaller local wholesalers. This however increased their cost. It also had the option of contracting with the specialized distributors. PROCTER GAMBLE: TOP BRANDS: Ace is of the superior quality and is still sold at a lower price than its second brand. Through research and development, their strategy would be to improve the price and the perceived quality of Bold and Ace which is in competition with Minerva and Omo respectively. STRATEGY USED: PG is a MARKET CHALLENGER which is aggressively trying to extend its market share. It has specific challenger strategies like VALUE PRICE GOODS AND SERVICES and IMPROVED SERVICES. The advertising is not very effective as the consumers dont have much knowledge or a top of the brand awareness as compared to the other brands in the market. POSITIONING: Like most of the products of Unilever their products are also positioned depending on the target customers. Two of their main products are positioned similar to Unilevers products e.g. Bold and Pop whereas Ace is positioned as a superior whiteness source. ASA ASA is a local Brazilian brand and is only popular in Northeast TOP BRANDS: Invicto which is an entry level detergent as it is a low cost detergent and valued by its customers. It is a key competitor of Campeiro and focuses on cost reduction across all dimensions. STRATEGY USED: They are the MARKET NICHERS and have been serving a special segment of the market as a whole. POSITIONING: Positioned like Campeiro i.e. as a low priced product SWOT OF UNILEVER IN BRAZIL (AS PER CASE) PRESENT SITUATION: Unilever is the pioneer of consumer goods industry in Brazil and a clear leader in the detergent powder category with an 81% market share achieved by brands like Omo, Minerva and Campeiro. The Brazilian fabric wash market consists of two categories: detergent powder and laundry soap. It faces a huge threat from PG and hence Unilever should look into tapping the niche markets before its competitors entry into them STRENGTHS: Detergent market pioneer in Brazil. Hence gained the first mover advantage which proved very favourable for its success Unilever is a strong brand in itself and has wide acceptance for its products all over the world Have a wide range of brands i.e. have a strong brand portfolio which caters to different market segments. For e.g. Omo is more technology oriented, Minerva clings to its emotional appeal and is a traditional brand, Campeiro focuses more on cost reduction They are innovative and customer centric in their approach. E.g. introduction of 4 new variants of Omo. Each of them have different properties targeted at specific needs of customers Detergents will always remain the cash cows for Unilever WEAKNESS: Difficult to make a selection with respect to cost effectiveness between the Generalist Wholesaler and Specialist Distributor since both could prove to be equally useful in its own way and once selected very hard to reverse Vast difference in distribution of social classes in the Southeast and Northeast. So similar strategies and products will not have the same result and might also vary vastly from the expected result especially in the Northeast Its brand Campeiro is perceived to be low on quality since it is also low priced High availability of substitute products OPPORTUNITY: Tap the niche market i.e. the untouched low income sector before the competitors penetrate there Change the positioning of detergents in the minds of the Northeasterners so as to increase the use quantitatively Make use of the high frequency of washing tendency in the Northeasterners which would improve product sales in this area Omo has the highest Top-of-Mind-Awareness amongst the Northeasterners (approximately 70%). This can be used as a way to generate awareness about Unilevers other brands and also for the product which needs to be directed to the lower income consumer segment (exhibit 8) Improvement in Brazils overall economic performance thereby improving the purchasing power of the natives and especially the lower income consumers Adopt appropriate strategy targeted at the lower income group so that Unilever successfully manages to tap all the classes of people Introduction of more technology based and innovative products like Omo THREATS: Rapid growth and improvement of PGs RD and marketing expertise Northeasterners manner of using detergents is different from the Southeasterners. As per this logic the use of detergents is less with the Northeasterners Preference of laundry soap over detergent powder in the Northeast. This would pose a challenge to the lower income consumer segment product which the company wishes to market Competitor brands like Bold, Pop and Invicto are direct competition to Minerva and Campeiro with regards to quality and price There is almost equal market penetration of the competitors brands with Unilevers brands. For e.g. Invicto, Ace, Campeiro (penetration in the range of 60-80%) Introduction of local products by smaller companies with better distribution Price war with other giants like PG UNILEVER IN BRAZIL As given in the case study, Unilever in Brazil has a strong 81% market share by means of its three brands: Omo, Minerva and Campeiro. Question at hand is Whether or not to market detergents to lower income consumers in Northeastern Brazil and How to go about it The lower income segment isnt tapped by any of the giants of the detergent industry hence it provides opportunity to the company for growth in this segment. Also there is a need for good products matching the flagship brand Omo combined with affordability as clearly seen by the example stated about Maria ConceiÇà £o. TREND IN BRAZIL: As per case study it is known that Northeasterners believe bleach is a must for removal of stains; detergent powder is used only to make the clothes smell good. For the Northeasterners cleanliness is perceived as important despite of their low income survival. Cleaning of clothes for them is also seen as a measure of dedication of the woman of the family. Hence the challenge is to change few age old perceptions and yet successfully make a mark in the lower income segment. For this Unilever will have to convert the laundry soap users into an Omo class user. This is a long term strategy but yet a feasible one. WHY CHOOSE LOWER INCOME GROUP: Enter lower income group segment before PG penetrates there Detergent market in this segment will always be a cash cow Need gap analysis shows that there is an existing need for good detergents in this market IMPLICATIONS OF MOVE: SHORT TERM IMPLICATIONS: First mover advantage, shift of investment of money in low price brand from premium brands LONG TERM IMPLICATIONS: Market leader in low income detergent market, without a shift in Omo customers the new brand will be able to attract lower income customers WHAT SHOULD BE DONE? There are various options with Unilever. Namely, Launch a new product in the market targeting the lower income consumer without cannibalizing its own premium brands extensively Reposition one of its existing brands Have a cheaper version of Omo/Minerva Carry out an extension of one of the existing brands I believe that Unilever in Brazil should carry out PRODUCT LINE EXTENSION. Hereby they should introduce an additional item in the same product category. Unilever should have an extension of its brand Minerva named Minerva Progress (similar to Omo Progress which removes difficult stains without bleach and laundry soap). Minerva Progress should be positioned between Omo and Minerva PROS: The positioning of product between Omo and Minerva will help gain visibility Can promote positively using Unilevers brand name Good market penetration of Minerva as a brand  [1]   CONS: Minerva as a brand is perceived to be a medium quality brand with less Top-of-Mind-Awareness  [2]   Fierce competition with PG brands like Bold and Ace WHY EXTENSION OF MINERVA: Not possible to have a low cost product under the Omo brand since this would confuse the consumers about the original Omos credibility Launch of a new product will not be cost effective Having an extension of Campeiro might not be successful due to the original image of the brand as a cheap quality brand Repositioning of any of the top brands might confuse the consumers and Unilever might lose its loyal customers Minerva having a good market penetration can perform well if the positioning for the extended product is done appropriately. Also as per Exhibit 8 the consumers in the Northeast have good knowledge about the Minerva brand (rated second after Omo). Hence the company should capitalize on this fact and thereby build a route to tap its lower income segment by using the brand name. A MARKET RESEARCH SHOULD BE CARRIED OUT TO UNDERSTAND THE RANGE IN WHICH THE CUSTOMERS WOULD BE WILLING TO SPEND MARKETING MIX OF MINERVA PROGRESS: PRODUCT: A new formula should be produced to match the requirements of the customers and at the same time not increasing the cost Product should have attributes as per requirement of the lower income segment especially cleanliness, whitening and productivity  [3]   Along with price the product should match the six key attributes important to this segment. Formulation should have more emphasis on stain removing capability while keeping Minervas original features intact like perfume and softness The product should be made available in various sizes and types. This would be apt for customers who do not use a large quantity of product per month. This would also give a notional feeling to the customer of having spent less Use of packaging other than cardboard boxes e.g. plastic sachet PRICE: The price of the product should be affordable for the lower income consumers The company is increasing the cost on formulation and nullifying it by cutting down on packaging charges The product should be such that it is priced less than Omo and Minerva itself but a little more than Campeiro Unilever should adopt PENETRATION PRICINGfor its product whereby the profit margin for Unilever would be less but it would maximize unit sales and increase market share in this segment Adoption of penetration pricing would also discourage the competitors entry Also initially Unilever can have an INTRODUCTORY PRICE for the product which would encourage people to purchase the product SUGGESTION: Unilever can also get into backward integration to reduce its cost thereby managing to produce low priced products PLACE Unilever should sell its products at all places in the Northeast Since the big shopping malls are perceived to be expensive it should display its products at local stores Unilever should display Minerva Progress along with Omo. This is because Omo itself has a good image that even this product will be highlighted to all the customers PROMOTION Product should not be advertised as a product meant only for the low income group since this might create a negative impression about the company Medium like hoardings, radio, television should be used Above the line promotion should be emphasized on more than below the line advertising Sales promotion activities should also be carried out heavily which are directed at the customers DISTRIBUTION: Intensive distribution should be used to make the product available extensively in all the retail outlets To target the lower income segment Unilever should adopt the Specialized Distribution method as given in Exhibit 13 PUSH STRATEGY: Initially a push strategy should be used wherein the product is pushed at the customers and made widely available to them. Then depending on the demand forecasts a push-pull strategy should be used. POSITIONING: FRAME OF REFERENCE: Detergents POINT OF DIFFERENCE: Quality with affordability POSITIONING: Attribute and benefit positioning STATEMENT: THE MORE THE BETTER OR THE LESSER THE BETTER.WE GIVE YOU BOTH; MORE QUALITIES FOR LESSER PRICE! PERCEPTUAL MAP: 200 MINERVA PROGRESS OMO 200 0 100 ACE BOLD PERCEIVED QUALITY PRICE INDEX 100 CAMPEIRO POP INVICTO MINERVA = UNILEVER = PG = ASA

Cause Effect Essay - The Causes of Date Rape -- Expository Cause Effec

Cause Effect Essay - The Causes of Date Rape There is no one direct cause of date rape. Although there are usually three key elements involved, socialization, miscommunication, and/or changing sexual mores. In a general sense, traditional male and female roles in society are part of the problem. Men are taught at a very early age to be aggressors; they participate in aggressive team sports, are encouraged to be competitive, not to give up, to keep on trying. They are encouraged to have strong sexual feelings and to experiment with their sexual satisfaction as a part of their masculinity. This environment which encourages men to be competitive and get what they want often leads to a belief in the "right to have sex." Women on the other hand are socialized to be more passive, dependent,...